In this article
The Sphynx turns heads with its bare, wrinkled skin, and wins people over with its personality. This profile draws on the CFA breed page and standard.
Origin
The breed began with a spontaneous mutation: in 1966 a domestic cat in Toronto, Canada, gave birth to a hairless kitten. Breeders established that hairlessness was a natural recessive gene and developed the breed over about 30 years through outcrossing and back-breeding. In 1975 two Minnesota-born cats with the same mutation joined the gene pool.
The CFA accepted the breed for registration in 1998 and granted championship in 2002. FIFe recognizes it in category 4.
Size and build
The standard calls for a medium-sized, substantial cat with sturdy boning and good muscle; males are usually larger. The CFA gives no weight range.
Skin, “coat” and colors
The Sphynx is not fully hairless. Short, fine hair may appear on the nose, ears, tail and feet, and the body may have soft, peach-like fuzz. The body feels warm and soft, and wrinkling is desirable, especially on the muzzle, between the ears and at the shoulders. All feline colors and patterns are accepted, and sun exposure intensifies them.
Temperament
The CFA describes the Sphynx as affectionate, outgoing and intelligent, “anything but shy.” It seeks attention and warmth, follows its people around and makes its needs known. It does well with other cats and, because the skin is delicate, suits children who understand gentle handling.
Grooming and care
- Regular baths, because the skin is very oily.
- Warmth: a cozy bed and no cold drafts.
- Skin checks for redness, crusts or spots.
- Dental care: the CFA lists periodontal disease as a breed concern, so teeth belong in the routine and at every checkup.
Health
The CFA calls the breed generally robust but names specific concerns:
- respiratory issues in kittens due to the lack of hair;
- hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which breeders test for;
- hereditary myopathy, affecting muscle function;
- sensitive digestive systems;
- skin conditions such as urticaria pigmentosa;
- periodontal disease.
Ask the breeder for the parents’ heart screening results. This content is informational and does not replace a veterinarian, who should see the cat soon after it arrives.
Who the breed suits
People who want a close, playful, attention-loving cat and will swap brushing for baths and skin care. Compare breeds in the cat breeds guide.
Frequently asked questions
Is the Sphynx hypoallergenic?
Do not count on it. The CFA explains that bathing lowers allergen levels on the skin, but that this does not add up to a low-allergen cat. If you are allergic to cats, spend time with one before deciding and talk to your own doctor.
Why do Sphynx cats need baths?
With no coat to absorb the skin's natural oils, the skin becomes oily and collects dirt. The CFA says regular bathing is needed. How often depends on the cat; red, crusty or spotty skin should be seen by a vet.
Do Sphynx cats get cold?
The CFA describes the breed as seeking warmth and attention, and notes that kittens can have respiratory issues linked to the lack of hair. Warm beds, blankets and a draft-free home are part of normal care. Sun exposure also intensifies skin color.
Can a Sphynx be left alone?
The CFA says Sphynx often follow their owners from room to room and may not suit people who are away for long periods. They do well with other cats, especially other Sphynx.